CO2 reaches Supercritical Fluid (SCF) phase when its pressure and temperature go beyond some critical values. Fluid at Supercritical state exhibits both solvent power similar to liquids, and mobile diffusivity/surface tension/viscosity properties liked gas. Plus non toxic, clolorless, odorles, incombustible, and photo-chemically inactive and easy recycling natures, CO2 is an alternative to water/organic solvent as the ideal extractant.
The advantages are:
Applications
| Pharmaceutical | Food | Cosmetics |
| Biological active molecules | Extraction & concentration of natural spices | Pure plant essential oils |
| Anti cancer activators ingredient in herbs | Fat soluble ingredients, animal/vegetable fats & oils | Surfactants |
| Alkaloid extraction/ separation | De-caffeine, de-cholestrol | Natural flavor substances |
| Medicine sterilizing | Food sterilizing | Functional components |
| Natural or synthetic active substances | Antioxidants | Fatty acid esters |
| Higher fatty acids in bacteria | Natural vitamin E | |
| Drug refinement | Separation & purification of lipid mixtures | |
| Higher fatty acids in fish/ plant oils | De-pesticides |


